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Back to AIDS Prevention Home
AIDS Glossary
- kaposi's sarcoma
- cancer -- commonly abbreviated KS -- of the blood vessels caused by a herpes virus. KS is very rare except in HIV positive individuals. This is one of the most common opportunistic infections and is considered an AIDS-defining condition in the United States. Symptoms include red, pink, or purple spots on the skin or internal organs.
- kaposi's sarcoma (ks)
- an abnormal or cancerous proliferation of cells and blood and/or lymph vessels causing tumors on the skin, mucous membranes and/or internal organs. KS typically appears as pink or purple flat or raised lesions. Types include classic KS, African KS, and AIDS-related or transplant-related KS. KS is associated with a herpesvirus (KSHV, or HHV-8). It occurs more commonly among HIV positive gay and bisexual men than among others with HIV disease, indicating that it may be sexually transmitted.
- kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv, hum
- a recently discovered herpesvirus found in samples of tissue from Kaposi's sarcoma lesions and believed to be a causal agent or co-factor.
- karnofsky score
- a subjective score (0-100) given by a doctor to describe a patient's ability to perform everyday tasks (eating, dressing, etc.)
- kemron
- see low dose oral interferon-alpha.
- keratitis
- inflammation of the cornea of the eye.
- keratosis
- a skin condition characterized by overgrowth and thickening of the outer skin layers; a skin lesion marked by flat or elevated growth. Keratosis may develop into squamous cell carcinoma. Types include actinic keratosis and seborrheic keratosis.
- ketoconazole (nizoral)
- an imidazole drug used to treat systemic fungal or yeast infections (e.g., candidiasis, histoplasmosis). Side effects include liver toxicity.
- ketotifen
- an antihistamine drug that lowers TNF-alpha levels and is under study as an immunomodulatory therapy for HIV disease.
- kg
- kilogram.
- kg.
- pharmaceutical abbreviation, kilogram
- kidney (adjective renal)
- one of 2 bean-shaped organs located in the lower back part of the abdominal cavity. The kidneys filter waste material from the blood and excretes it as urine.
- kidney stone (nephrolithiasis)
- an accumulation (e.g., of calcium) in the kidney, which may lead to pain and blockage.
- killer cell
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- a lymphocyte that can kill cancerous and virus-infected cells. Killer cells are neither T-cells nor B-cells, but belong to a third class of lymphocytes. See lymphokine-activated killer cells, natural killer cells.
- killer t cells
- an immune system cell (cytotoxic lymphocyte) that directly kills other infected cells in the body (e.g., cancer cells, cells infected by a virus). Also called natural killer cells.
- killer t-cell
- see cytotoxic T-lymphocyte.
- kilogram (kg)
- a measure of weight equal to 2.2046 pounds.
- kinase
- an enzyme that adds phosphates to amino acids, a crucial step in intracellular signaling and many other processes.
- klebsiella
- a type of bacteria that can cause respiratory disease (e.g., sinusitis, pneumonia), especially in immunocompromised individuals.
- koch's postulates
- a method for determining whether a specific microorganism causes a specific disease. The microorganism must be seen in all cases of the disease, isolated and grown in a laboratory, the laboratory-grown microorganisms must cause the same disease when administered to a test animal, and the same type of microorganism must then be isolated from the animal.
- kombucha
- a colony of yeast organisms (sometimes referred to as a "mushroom") that is grown in water or tea to produce a fermented drink which is claimed to have natural antibiotic and immune-enhancing properties.
- ks
- abbreviation, Kaposi's sarcoma. Cancer of the blood vessels caused by a herpes virus. This is one of the most common opportunistic infections and is considered an AIDS-defining condition in the United States. Symptoms include red, pink, or purple spots on the skin or internal organs.
- kshv
- see Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus.
- kupffer cell
- a type of specialized macrophage in the liver.
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